![]() ![]() Contrary to a widely held misconception, biological evolution does not produce organisms that are perfectly adapted to their habitats insofar as cultural evolution shares common features with biological evolution, cultural evolution may be expected to display similar types of suboptimality or mal-adaptation. Second, it shows, through an analogy with biological evolution, that Hayek's theory need not imply any such conclusion. The present article defends Hayek versus his critics in two ways: First, it restates Hayek's own objections to the idea that cultural evolution produces optimal outcomes. ![]() Some analysts have criticized Friedrich Hayek's theory of cultural evolution for implying that the rules, customs, norms, and institutions that emerge from the evolutionary process are necessarily efficient or desirable in all cases. ![]()
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